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Sir John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, (3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973) was an English writer, poet, philologist, and university professor, best known as the author of the classic high fantasy works The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings and The Silmarillion.

Tolkien was Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon at Oxford from 1925 to 1945, and Merton Professor of English Language and Literature from 1945 to 1959.He was a close friend of C. S. Lewis—they were both members of the informal literary discussion group known as the Inklings. Tolkien was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II on 28 March 1972.

After his death, Tolkien's son, Christopher, published a series of works based on his father's extensive notes and unpublished manuscripts, including The Silmarillion. These, together with The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, form a connected body of tales, poems, fictional histories, invented languages, and literary essays about an imagined world called Arda, and Middle-earth within it.

While many other authors had published works of fantasy before Tolkien, the great success of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings when they were published in paperback in the United States led directly to a popular resurgence of the genre. This has caused Tolkien to be popularly identified as the "father" of modern fantasy literature. Tolkien's writings have inspired many other works of fantasy and have had a lasting effect on the entire field. In 2008, The Times ranked him sixth on a list of "The 50 greatest British writers since 1945".

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* 1936 Songs for the Philologists, with E.V. Gordon et al.
* 1937 The Hobbit or There and Back Again
* 1945 Leaf by Niggle (short story)
* 1945 The Lay of Aotrou and Itroun
* 1949 Farmer Giles of Ham (medieval fable)
* 1953 The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth Beorhthelm's Son (a play written in alliterative verse)
* The Lord of the Rings
o 1954 The Fellowship of the Ring: being the first part of The Lord of the Rings
o 1954 The Two Towers: being the second part of The Lord of the Rings
o 1955 The Return of the King: being the third part of The Lord of the Rings
* 1962 The Adventures of Tom Bombadil and Other Verses from the Red Book
* 1964 Tree and Leaf (On Fairy-Stories and Leaf by Niggle in book form)
* 1966 The Tolkien Reader (The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth Beorhthelm's Son, On Fairy-Stories, Leaf by Niggle, Farmer Giles of Ham, and The Adventures of Tom Bombadil)
* 1967 The Road Goes Ever On, with Donald Swann
* 1967 Smith of Wootton Major

* 1975 Guide to the Names in The Lord of the Rings.
* 1975 Translations of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Pearl (poem) and Sir Orfeo
* 1976 The Father Christmas Letters
* 1977 The Silmarillion
* 1979 Pictures by J. R. R. Tolkien
* 1980 Unfinished Tales of Númenor and Middle-earth
* 1980 Poems and Stories (a compilation of The Adventures of Tom Bombadil, The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth Beorhthelm's Son, On Fairy-Stories, Leaf by Niggle, Farmer Giles of Ham and Smith of Wootton Major)
* 1981 The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien (eds. Christopher Tolkien and Humphrey Carpenter)
* 1981 The Old English "Exodus" Text translation and commentary by J. R. R. Tolkien; edited by Joan Turville-Petre. Clarendon Press, Oxford
* 1982 Finn and Hengest: The Fragment and the Episode
* 1982 Mr. Bliss
* 1983 The Monsters and the Critics (an essay collection)
o Beowulf: the Monsters and the Critics (1936)
o On Translating Beowulf (1940)
o On Fairy-Stories (1947)
o A Secret Vice (1930)
o English and Welsh (1955)
* 1983–1996 The History of Middle-earth:
1. The Book of Lost Tales 1 (1983)
2. The Book of Lost Tales 2 (1984)
3. The Lays of Beleriand (1985)
4. The Shaping of Middle-earth (1986)
5. The Lost Road and Other Writings (1987)
6. The Return of the Shadow (The History of The Lord of the Rings vol. 1) (1988)
7. The Treason of Isengard (The History of The Lord of the Rings vol. 2) (1989)
8. The War of the Ring (The History of The Lord of the Rings vol. 3) (1990)
9. Sauron Defeated (The History of The Lord of the Rings vol. 4, including The Notion Club Papers) (1992)
10. Morgoth's Ring (The Later Silmarillion vol. 1) (1993)
11. The War of the Jewels (The Later Silmarillion vol. 2) (1994)
12. The Peoples of Middle-earth (1996)
* 1995 J. R. R. Tolkien: Artist and Illustrator - a compilation of Tolkien's art
* 1998 Roverandom
* 2002 A Tolkien Miscellany - a collection of previously published material
* 2002 Beowulf and the Critics ed. Michael D.C. Drout (Beowulf: the monsters and the critics together with editions of two drafts of the longer essay from which it was condensed.)
* 2005 Guide to the Names in The Lord of the Rings (full version)
* 2007 The Children of Húrin
* 2007 The History of The Hobbit by John D. Rateliff – contains substantial text fragments
* 2008 The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrun

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